Hearing loss and dementia
Several studies from the USA and Germany share the findings of a relationship between hearing loss and dementia. Age-related hearing loss is even identified as the greatest influenceable risk factor for dementia. According to Johns Hopkins University, people with mild untreated hearing loss are at twice the risk of dementia compared to people with normal hearing. In the case of severe untreated hearing loss, this risk is assumed to be five times higher.
Hearing loss and dementia connection
Hearing loss often slowly creeps in with age, which means it is often not immediately recognized. The main reason for this is the atrophy of the hair cells, which are responsible for sound reception and the translation of the acoustic stimulus into electrical signals. This limits signal transmission and impairs hearing, especially in the high frequency range.
As a result, hearing loss usually causes those affected to isolate themselves. Social isolation in turn reduces the cognitive stimuli to which a person is exposed. The exact connection has not yet been fully clarified and is still being scientifically investigated. So far, changes in the brain caused by hearing loss have been assumed. The reason for this is potentially the intense concentration that hearing-impaired people have to use to understand. Other functions of the brain could be neglected as a result.The cerebral cortex and hippocampus appear to be particularly affected. These are the areas that act as the interface between short-term and long-term memory. In addition, the brain presumably becomes accustomed to the reduced hearing ability, which accelerates the degradation of the latter.
Can hearing loss lead to dementia?
Yes, the current research situation provides numerous proof of a connection between hearing loss and dementia. However, the negative impact of hearing loss can be actively minimized. To prevent dementia, hearing loss must be detected quickly so that treatment with hearing aids can be started just as quickly. Consequently, regular hearing screening to detect hearing impairment should be seen as an active step towards preventing dementia. Early signs should always be taken seriously and checked by a specialist.